Huaxin Ali ndi Gulu Lalikulu Lakufufuza Zaukadaulo Ndi Gulu Lachitukuko Lodzipereka Kupititsa Patsogolo Kupanga Mipando, Ukadaulo, Ndi Ubwino Kuti Apereke Bokosi & Dislpays Yambiri.
Mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi ma CD abwino amatha kudzutsa chidwi cha makasitomala nthawi zonse. Nthawi yomweyo, imatha kukulitsa mosalekeza chifaniziro cha chinthucho pakugula kwa anthu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Chifukwa chake, kwa mabizinesi, kulabadira kapangidwe kazinthu ndikuyika ndalama pachithunzi chabwino chazinthu.
Chithunzi chowoneka bwino chamtundu wabwino chimapangidwa ndi zilembo zapadera, mayina azinthu ndi mawu otsatsa pamapangidwe otsatsa. Kusunga mgwirizano wamawonekedwe azinthu izi pamapaketi kumathandizira kukhazikitsa chithunzi chakampani ndikuumba umunthu wapadera wamtunduwu. Zithunzi ndi zithunzi zomwe zasankhidwa kuti zisungidwe ziyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti zigwirizane ndi zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe a mtunduwo. Okonza amatha kupanga zithunzi molingana ndi malo azinthu kuti afotokoze mutuwo, ndikuwonetseratu zomwe zili ndi chikhalidwe cha chinthucho. Mwachitsanzo, maonekedwe a mankhwala akhoza kujambulidwa mwachindunji monga chithunzi chachikulu pa phukusi kuti akwaniritse kufanana kwa phukusi ndi mankhwala, kupanga chithunzi chogwirizana mkati ndi kunja.
Mfundo zofunikira za mapangidwe a phukusi zimatha kusiyanitsa mosavuta mankhwala kuchokera ku mtundu. Sikuti amangopanga zithunzi ndi zithunzi, komanso amawonjezera chidwi cha ogula ku chinthucho. Sikuti ndizofunika kwa mankhwala okha, komanso mtundu wonsewo, chifukwa zimasonyezanso mosadziwika bwino chithunzi cha phukusi. Tiyeni tikambirane zingapo zofunika ma CD makonda malamulo.
(1)Kumvetsetsa Makasitomala'Chosowa
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zosowa za makasitomala. Wogula ndi amene amapanga chisankho. Musanayambe kupanga, m'pofunika kuchita kafukufuku wokwanira wa omvera omwe akufuna makasitomala. Izi sizingothandiza momwe kampani yanu imawonera makasitomala, komanso zipangitsa kuti ogula amvetsetse uthenga womwe kapangidwe kanu kakutulutsa.
(2)Kachitidwe
Kupaka bwino kwa thumba la pepala, magwiridwe antchito ndikofunikira kwambiri, muwone ngati mwayi woganizira zomwe ena sangaganizire, makasitomala amve kuti mukuwaganizira. Kupanga kwakukulu kwa thumba la pepala kumakhala, kudzakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo. Kumbukirani zomwe mankhwala anu ali, sizinthu zonse zomwe zimafunikira mapangidwe apadera. Ngati mukupanga bokosi la zodzikongoletsera, kumbukirani kuti ana ndi akuluakulu akhoza kuligwira. Ngati mungaganizire bokosi lomwe limakwaniritsa zonsezi, chitani! Rectangles (makona anayi) akhala otchuka kwa nthawi yayitali. Sikuti nthawi zonse muyenera kuganizira za kapangidwe ka bokosi.
(3)Kapangidwe Kapangidwe
Chimodzi mwazinthu zotentha kwambiri m'zaka zingapo zapitazi ndipo tsopano ndi minimalism. Pali chifukwa chake. M’dziko lamakonoli locholoŵana kwambiri, kuphweka kuli kosangalatsa. Chifukwa chake, kuti mukope makasitomala kuti agwiritse ntchito malondawo, awonetseni momwe zimakhalira zosavuta ndi mapangidwe osavuta. Ngati mutenga njira yosavuta, sungani chilichonse chosavuta, chokhala ndi zithunzi zochepa, zithunzi zomwe zikucheperachepera, ndi kuphatikiza mitundu kuti chinthucho chiwoneke ngati chopangidwa mwaluso. Pali mitundu yochepa, palibe mapatani, ndi zolemba zochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti mapangidwewo ndi osavuta, amathandizabe makasitomala kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zili ndi mankhwala. Izi ndi zina mwazinthu zopangira zomwe muyenera kuziganizira.
(4) Maonekedwe Amtundu
Kaya ndikulongedza chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo, ndikofunikira kuti makasitomala adziwe komwe malondawo akuchokera. Kuyika zikwama zamapepala ndi imodzi mwa njira zolimbikitsira mtundu wa kampani yanu. Makanema akuluakulu a portal, mapangidwe awebusayiti ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana amapulatifomu amangogogomezera zomwe akupanga. Kodi chimapangitsa mtundu uwu kukhala wapadera ndi chiyani? Kodi mungasiyanitse bwanji ndi zinthu zambiri zofanana? Kupatula apo, popanda zinthu izi, kampaniyo singakhalepo konse!
(5) Package Safety
Cholinga chachikulu cha kulongedza katundu ndi kuteteza katundu, ndipo mapangidwe a phukusi ayenera kuganizira za chitetezo, kuphatikizapo chitetezo cha phukusi lokha komanso chitetezo cha zinthu zomwe zaikidwa. Kapangidwe kazonyamula kayenera kusankha zida zonyamula zoyenerera molingana ndi mawonekedwe a chinthucho, ndikuganizira mbali zonse monga kulongedza, kusungirako, mayendedwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuti zitsimikizire zopusa.
(6) ZachilengedweFriendly
Chitetezo cha chilengedwe chimachokera ku magawo awiri. Chimodzi sikuyenera kulongedza katundu ndi kuwononga chuma, ndipo china ndicho kumvetsera zasayansi pakugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo, ndikuganizira mozama nkhani zina zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a mapepala, monga ngati pali zotsatirapo pa thanzi la munthu, komanso ngati mankhwala opangira zida amatha kubwezeredwa ndi kugwiritsidwanso ntchitokukwaniritsa"Green" phukusi.
Mapangidwe a thumba la pepala ayenera kukhala ophweka komanso okongola. Mu kusindikiza ndondomeko yapepalathumba, logo kapena dzina la kampani nthawi zambiri ndi nkhope yayikulu, kapena filosofi yamakampani imawonjezedwa. Musakhale ovuta kwambiri popanga mawonekedwe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukulitsa chidwi cha ogula pakampani. Ngati ndizovuta kwambiri, padzakhala kumverera kwa kulengeza ankhondo kuti agwire mbuye, kotero kuti makasitomala sangathe kumvetsa tanthauzo lapepalathumba.
M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, matumba a mapepala amapezeka paliponse, zazikulu ndi zazing'ono, zamitundu yonse. Yang'anani pa thumba la pepala lomwe lili m'manja mwanu ndikudabwa kuti ndi zinthu ziti. pepala chabe? Kuphatikiza pa mapepala, palinso pulasitiki, nayiloni, ndi zina zotero, koma pali mitundu ingapo ya mapepala okha. Ndi mitundu yanji ya zinthu zachikwama zamapepala zomwe zimapezeka zambiri?
(1) Mapepala OkutidwaMapepalaChikwama
Kusankha mapepala okutidwa kuti apange zikwama zam'manja kumadziwika ndi kufulumira kwachikatikati, mapepala osalala kwambiri, oyera kwambiri, osalala kwambiri, gloss yabwino, komanso zimapangitsa kuti zithunzi zosindikizidwa ndi zithunzi zikhale ndi malingaliro atatu. Chifukwa pepala lokutidwa limakhala loyera kwambiri komanso lonyezimira, ndipo limatha kusindikizidwa bwino, wokonza amatha kusankha zithunzi ndi midadada yamitundu yosiyanasiyana molimba mtima, ndipo kutsatsa kwake ndikwabwino kwambiri. Pambuyo yokutidwa pepala yokutidwa ndi glossylaminationkapena Matndi lamination, sikuti ili ndi ntchito zokhala ndi chinyezi komanso zokhazikika, komanso zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri. Mapepala okutidwa ndi amodzi mwa otchuka kwambiripepalathumba kupanga zipangizo. The makulidwe ambiri ntchito ndi 128g-300g. Kusindikiza kwa pepala lokutidwa ndi lofanana ndi la makatoni oyerandi tmtundu wake ndi wodzaza ndi wowala. Poyerekeza ndi makatoni oyera, kuuma kwake sikuli kofanana ndi katoni koyera.
(2)Brown Paper Thumba
Matumba amapepala a Kraft amatchedwanso mapepala achilengedwe a kraft. Lili ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, zolimba kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu zachikasu, kung'ambika kwakukulu, kuphulika ndi mphamvu zamphamvu, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'matumba ogula, ma envulopu, ndi zina zotero. Kuwonjezera pa pepala loyera la kraft, mtundu wakumbuyo wa pepala lalikulu la kraft ndi lakuda. , kotero ndizoyenera kusindikiza zolemba zakuda ndi mizere, ndipo midadada yosiyana yamitundu imatha kupangidwanso. Matumba amapepala a Kraft nthawi zambiri samaphimbidwa ndipo ndi matumba otsika mtengo kwambiri. Ambiri ntchito makulidwe ndi 120 magalamu -300 magalamu masoka kraft pepala. Pepala la Kraft nthawi zambiri limakhala loyenera kusindikiza zolemba zamtundu umodzi kapena zamitundu iwiri komanso zosavuta. Poyerekeza ndi pepala loyera la khadi, pepala loyera la kraft ndi pepala lokutidwa, mtengo wa pepala lachikasu la kraft ndilotsika kwambiri.
(3)White Card Paper Bag
A pepalathumba lopangidwa ndi khadi loyerapepalandi wapamwambapepala mphatsothumba. Khadi loyerapepalandi olimba ndi wandiweyani, ndi kuuma kwambiri, kuphulika kukana ndi kusalala, ndi pepala pamwamba ndi lathyathyathya. Makulidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi 210-300 magalamu a khadi loyerapepala, ndipo yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi khadi loyera la 230pepala. Chikwama cha pepala chosindikizidwa pa khadi loyerapepalandi yodzaza ndi utoto komanso kapangidwe ka pepala ndikwabwino kwambiri, chomwe ndi chisankho chanu choyamba pakusintha mwamakonda. Okonza nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito izikugula mapepalathumba la zovala zapamwamba kapena malonda. Khadi loyerapepalamatumba ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri mtundu wapepalamatumba.
(4)Chikwama cha Papepala Chapadera
Kuwonjezera pa mapepala apamwamba, palinso pepalazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thumba la pepala,yotchedwa pepala lapadera.Pepala lapadera limakhala ndi mtundu ndi ndondomeko ikamalizidwa. Palibe kusindikiza mtundu.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mapepala okutidwa ndi mapepala apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga matumba ogula mapepala. Pano tikambirana za kusiyana pakati pawo pamene amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thumba la mapepala, ubwino ndi kuipa kwake.
(1) Mapepala Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito KawirikawiriZakuthupi
1.1n malinga ndi nthawi ndi mtengo, mapepala awa ali ndi ubwino wa ndalama zogulitsira pamsika ndi njira zamakono zamakono, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zikhoza kugulidwa nthawi iliyonse.
1.2Ponena za maonekedwe, chifukwa matumba ambiri a mapepala pamsika amapangidwa kale ndi zipangizozi, ndizokongoletsa zotopa kwa ogula. Ngakhale mmisiriyo ndi wopambana, sichikhala chopanga komanso chokongola.
1.3Pankhani yotsika mtengo, mtengo wamatumba a mapepala sudzakhala wokwera makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito mapepala omwe wamba awa. Pansi pa ndondomeko yomweyi, mapepala wambawa amatha kupulumutsa ndalama zoposa 40% zamtengo wapatali.
(2) Mapepala Apadera Osagwiritsidwa Ntchito Mochepa
2.1 Pankhani ya nthawi ndi mtengo, zivute zitaniumisirindi, zinthu za pepala wapadera palokha si kufalitsidwa. Ngati mukufuna kusintha pepala lapadera, zingatenge masiku 5 kapena kupitirira sabata., yotalika kwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala wamba.
2.2 Ponena za maonekedwe, chifukwa cha njira zina zapadera zopangira mapepala apadera, kapena zokongoletsera zina ndi maso awiri, thumba lonse la pepala lidzawoneka mosiyana ndi maonekedwe, monga pepala la ngale, lomwe liri ndi chithunzi chowala, pepala la tactile ngati nyenyezi. . Ili ndi kukhudza kosiyana ndipo imatha kukweza mtundu wamtunduwu.
2.3Kutengera mtengo wogwira, poyerekeza ndi mtengo wazinthu zamapepala wamba, mapepala apadera anganene kuti alibe zabwino, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo kuposa 30% kuposa ena.wambazipangizo mapepala mu nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa ali ndi pretreatment ndondomeko.
Kuchokera pamwambae kufananiza, ndikukhulupirira kuti aliyense atha kuwona kuti ngati ili mwachangu, ndikwabwino kuti fakitale ya thumba la mapepala isankhe zida zomwe zimafalitsidwa pamsika. Ngati zakonzedwa ndikuyitanitsa miyezi 1-2 m'mbuyomu, mutha kusankha kukopa pepala lapadera loyang'ana maso, modabwitsa kwa ogula, lingakhale lothandiza kwambiri..
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa matumba a mapepala a mphatso m'makampani onyamula katundu ndi ochuluka kwambiri komanso ofunikira, chifukwa tsopano mphatso zazikulu zimafunikira ma CD akunja. Ndipo zikwama zamapepala zosavuta, zokongola komanso zokongola zakhala mawonekedwe amakono. Mphatso zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi ma CD osiyanasiyana. Mapepala a mapepala atipatsa chithandizo chambiri pamoyo wathu. Sikuti ndi ochezeka komanso osinthika, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuli kutali ndi kukulunga matumba apulasitiki omwe tidagwiritsa ntchito kale. Ndipo matumba a mapepala ndi owonongeka komanso otetezeka nthawi yomweyo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Thethumba la pepalaakhoza kukhalaamagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphatso za tchuthi ndi mphatso zamalondamonga thumba la mphatso ya pepala, ndikungasonyeze ulemu wa kulankhulana ndi anthu. Kuyambira kale m'dziko lathu, zakhala zikudutsa ndi miyambo. Pali mbali zambiri zamakhalidwe abwino, kuphatikizapo madyerero a tebulo, madyerero a phwando, chikhalidwe cha anthu, chikhalidwe cha banja, ndi zina zotero. Makhalidwe osiyana ndi oyenera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana. Koma pocheza ndi anthu, kupereka mphatso kwa wina ndi mzake sikungofunika pa chikhalidwe cha anthu, komanso kulankhulana maganizo pakati pa anthu. Mphatso sizimangowonjezera kuyankhulana kwa malingaliro pakati pa anthu, komanso zimakhala ngati mlatho wolumikizana.
Zikwama zamapepala zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito popakira mphatso zaukwati. Matumba amphatso amatha kupititsa patsogolo chisangalalo chaukwati. Tsopano okonza ukwati ochulukirachulukira akonzekera masitayelo osiyanasiyana a zikwama zamapepala a mphatso. Zikwama zamapepala zamphatsozi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika maswiti aukwati ndi zipatso zokondweretsa kwa alendo omwe amabwera kuphwando. Mapepala amtundu uwumphatsothumba paukwati angadwale osangalala m'mlengalenga ukwati ndi kukoma ndi udindo wa kulinganiza. Ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri yopakira.
Matumba amapepala amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito popaka zodzikongoletsera. Matumba amphatso amatha kuwonetsa bwino zodzoladzola zolemekezeka komanso zapamwamba. Timawona zodzoladzola zamitundu yonse ndi zotsatira zake m'masitolo. Ndi mtsikana uti amene sakonda kukongola? Zodzoladzola izi zikayikidwa mu thumba lokongola la mapepala, sizingangowonjezera kutchuka kwa zodzoladzola, komanso kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa zodzoladzola ndikupanga phindu lochulukirapo kwa amalonda.
Kupatula apo, zikwama zamapepala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'masitolo akuluakulu, malo ogulitsira khofi, etc.
Kuyang'ana msika wamakono, ndi ndondomeko yamitundu yambiri yotetezera zachilengedwe, msika wa matumba a mapepala watsegulidwa kwathunthu, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a mapepala kwakhala kwakukulu. Ubwino wake uli ndi chiyani kuposa matumba apulasitiki? Lero, Huaxin pepala thumba fakitale adzakutengerani inu kudziwa ubwino matumba mapepala.
(1)EchumaMbali
Ogula ambiri angakhale ndi kusamvetsetsa koterokog izithumba la mapepala limawoneka lalitali komanso lalikulu, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa thumba la pulasitiki, kotero iwo safuna kuzigwiritsa ntchito. Ndipotu, matumba a mapepala ndi otsika mtengo komanso otsika mtengo kusiyana ndi matumba apulasitiki. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa matumba apulasitiki angagwiritsidwe ntchito kamodzi kokha, ndipo chiwerengero cha ntchito ndi chochepa kwambiri, pamene matumba a mapepala amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, ndipo matumba a mapepala ndi osavuta kusindikiza.ndimawonekedwe amtundu ndi omveka bwino. Mwa njira iyi, thumba la mapepala limakhala lopanda ndalama zambiri, ndipo kulengeza kwake ndi kukwezedwa kwake kumawonekera kwambiri.
(2)FkukwiyaMbali
Aliyense amadziwa kuti thumba lachikwama la pulasitiki lachikhalidwe ndilosavuta kuthyola, ndipo ngati mukufuna kulilimbitsa, lidzawonjezera mtengo wake wopanga. Matumba a mapepala ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo, kusavala, ndi kulimba, matumba a mapepala apamwamba sakhala olimba, komanso osalowa madzi, amamva bwino, komanso amakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola. Ngakhale mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo kuposa matumba apulasitiki achikhalidwe, ntchito yake ndiyokwera kwambiri kuposa matumba apulasitiki.
(3)Advertising mawonekedwe
Ndichinthu chachikulu cha matumba ogula mapepala kukhala ndi ntchito yotsatsa. Mtundu wosindikizira wa thumba la pepala lonyamulika ndi lowala kwambiri, mutu wake umamveka bwino, ndipo ndi wolimba komanso wokhazikika. Ndi chabe "chikwama chotsatsa malonda". Kutsatsa kwamakampani ndikwambiri kuposa matumba apulasitiki achikhalidwe.
(4)Zogwirizana ndi chilengedwe
Chikwama cha pepala chimakhala cholimba kwambiri, kukana kuvala ndi kukhazikika, komanso ndi chilengedwe, chomwe sichidzawononga chilengedwe, kuchepetsa kwambiri kupanikizika kwa kusintha kwa zinyalala zapakhomo za anthu. Kuzindikira kwa anthu amakono za chitetezo cha chilengedwe kukukulirakulira komanso kulimba, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito matumba a mapepala kumangowonjezereka, zomwe ndi chisankho chabwino kuti anthu azigula.
Pankhani ya matumba a mapepala, sitiwadziwa, ndi mtundu wa ma CD omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamoyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Koma zikafika pazikwama zamapepala zosinthidwa, aliyense adzafunsa, chifukwa chiyani zikwama zamapepala ziyenera kusinthidwa? Kodi matumba a mapepala opangidwa mochuluka angagwiritsidwe ntchito? Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa zikwama zamapepala zosinthidwa makonda ndi matumba wamba? Apa tikambirana mwachidule nkhaniyi.
Kutsatsa malonda sikunakhalepo chinthu chophweka. Pali zokonzekera zambiri zotsatsa malonda, kulawa, zochitika, ndemanga za makasitomala, kuwonetsera, ndi zina zotero. Mfundo iliyonse iyenera kuchitidwa bwino kuti malonda anu akhale m'mitima ya makasitomala. Monga imodzi mwa njira zofunika zowonetsera zopangira katundu, matumba a mapepala amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazochitika zonse zamalonda. Komabe, thumba la pepala lodziwika bwino silingathe kutulutsa mawonekedwe a chinthucho komanso mtundu wake, kotero wogulitsa aganiza zopanga chikwama chapadera chapapepala pachogulitsacho, ndikugwiritsa ntchito phukusi lapaderali kuti athetse kusiyana pakati pa chinthucho ndi. zinthu zina, pofuna kukopa ogula. Kupatula apo, kusintha kwa msika ndi mphindi ndi mphindi. Kaya ndi zotsatsa zapa TV zam'mbuyomu kapena zotsatsa zapaintaneti, mutu umodzi sungasiyanitsidwe, ndikuwonjezera malonda. Kusintha kwa matumba a mapepala kumatha kuthetsa vutoli kwambiri, kotero kuti ogula azikumbukira akagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kusintha kwa matumba a mapepala kumatha kukulitsa chidziwitso cha kasitomala. Matumba amapepala opangidwa makonda akhoza kukhutitsidwa onse kuchokera kukula kwa mankhwala kapena maganizo a makasitomala. Komabe, kukula ndi mapangidwe a matumba a mapepala a anthu ndi ofanana, omwe sangathe kukumana ndi makasitomala'chosowa. Matumba ogulira mapepala osinthidwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi momwe zinthu zilili, zomwe zingathe kuthetsa vuto la zosowa za makasitomala, ndipo ogula adzagulanso zinthu chifukwa mapangidwe a kukula, kalembedwe, ndi zina za matumba a mapepala akugwirizana ndi zosowa zawo.
Kusintha kwa matumba a mapepala kumatha kukopa chidwi, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mtundu wamakampani panthawi yosindikiza ndikulowa m'malo ogula ogula. Popanga thumba la pepala, tcherani khutu ku kalembedwe kofanana ndi mankhwala. Mtundu wokhazikika wa thumba la pepala ukhoza kusiyanitsidwa ndi mapangidwe ena a thumba. Chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pamawonekedwe a masitayelo atsopano, chifukwa masiku ano anthu ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa za zinthu zatsopano, kugwiritsa ntchito chidwi cha ogula kuti awalimbikitse kuyamikila malondawo, kuti akweze chidwi cha malondawo, kenako ndikumulimbikitsa kugula. mankhwala. Ngati thumba la pepala lopangidwa ndi lodziwika bwino, silidzakopa chidwi cha ogula, kotero silingakwaniritse cholinga cholimbikitsa malonda. Zomwe zimapangidwira pathumba la mapepala ziyeneranso kukhala zobiriwira komanso zachilengedwe, kuti zisawononge chuma.